{"id":356,"date":"2023-12-26T13:01:47","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T12:01:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/?page_id=356"},"modified":"2024-01-23T18:20:35","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T17:20:35","slug":"tsa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/tnd\/tsa\/","title":{"rendered":"Trouble du Spectre de l&rsquo;Autisme (TSA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-custom-gris-clair-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full is-style-rounded wp-duotone-5580ec-f4f0e6-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"703\" src=\"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TSA4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TSA4.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TSA4-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TSA4-1024x480.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/TSA4-768x360.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Freepik<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-layout-1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-x-large-font-size\">Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le TSA ?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:1.25rem\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Ce trouble neurod\u00e9veloppemental, qui <strong>d\u00e9bute<\/strong> dans l&rsquo;<strong>enfance<\/strong>, se manifeste par des difficult\u00e9s dans la <strong>communication<\/strong> et les <strong>interactions sociales<\/strong>, ainsi que par une  <strong>rigidit\u00e9<\/strong> face au changement, et une <strong>atypicit\u00e9<\/strong> de la <strong>sensorialit\u00e9<\/strong>, des <strong>comportements<\/strong> et des <strong>int\u00e9r\u00eats<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-base-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-layout-3 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center is-style-asterisk has-custom-bleu-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4ce91d607aeec36aa28f30a977291a43\">Quels peuvent \u00eatre <br>les signes d&rsquo;un TSA ? <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-custom-gris-fonc-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-8d8a20358dba6c4d8f652325beadce59\" style=\"text-transform:none\">On distingue deux grandes cat\u00e9gories de signes : ceux qui touchent \u00e0 la <strong>communication<\/strong> et aux <strong>interactions sociales<\/strong>, d&rsquo;une part ; ceux qui rel\u00e8vent de la <strong>sensorialit\u00e9<\/strong>, des <strong>comportements<\/strong> et des <strong>int\u00e9r\u00eats<\/strong>, d&rsquo;autre part.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-custom-gris-fonc-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-8c5acc09bbbf2628a203eb61a9585308\" style=\"text-transform:none\"><em><strong>Attention&nbsp;<\/strong>: Un certain nombre de ces signes ne sont pas sp\u00e9cifiques au TSA, et peuvent relever d&rsquo;autres probl\u00e9matiques&nbsp;; ce sont leurs associations particuli\u00e8res et l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;autres troubles qui sont d\u00e9terminantes. Il est imp\u00e9ratif de consulter un m\u00e9decin (<em>le plus souvent un psychiatre, ou un neurologue<\/em>, lib\u00e9ral ou en structure hospitali\u00e8re), seul habilit\u00e9 \u00e0 poser un diagnostic.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator alignwide has-text-color has-base-2-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-base-2-background-color has-background\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-layout-1 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left is-style-asterisk has-body-font-family has-medium-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Communication et interactions sociales<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Des difficult\u00e9s fr\u00e9quentes, dans diff\u00e9rents contextes, pour  :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>instaurer une <strong>r\u00e9ciprocit\u00e9<\/strong> dans les <strong>relations<\/strong>, un \u00e9change ; entretenir une conversation bidirectionnelle, partager son int\u00e9r\u00eat et ses \u00e9motions, initier des interactions et y r\u00e9pondre.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>utiliser les <strong>outils<\/strong> de <strong>communication<\/strong> <strong>non<\/strong> <strong>verbaux<\/strong> (contact visuel, gestes, postures, expressions faciales) ; les comprendre et les int\u00e9grer aux  outils communicationnels verbaux.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>d\u00e9velopper<\/strong>, <strong>maintenir<\/strong> et <strong>comprendre<\/strong> les <strong>relations<\/strong> ; ajuster son comportement \u00e0 des contextes sociaux vari\u00e9s et interagir de fa\u00e7on appropri\u00e9e avec les autres, comprendre et int\u00e9grer les conventions sociales.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-layout-2 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left is-style-asterisk has-body-font-family has-medium-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Des particularit\u00e9s dans la sensorialit\u00e9, les comportements, <br>les int\u00e9r\u00eats et les activit\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On peut observer :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Des <strong>sch\u00e9mas<\/strong> de <strong>comportements<\/strong> ou d<strong>&lsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eats<\/strong> (mouvements, utilisation d&rsquo;objets ou langage) <strong>st\u00e9r\u00e9otyp\u00e9s<\/strong> ou <strong>r\u00e9p\u00e9titifs<\/strong>, <br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>une <strong>intol\u00e9rance<\/strong> au <strong>changement<\/strong>, et une pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour des <strong>routines fixes<\/strong> ou pour des comportements, verbaux ou non, ritualis\u00e9s.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>des <strong>int\u00e9r\u00eats atypiques<\/strong>, par la sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 de leur objet, leur invariabilit\u00e9, leur intensit\u00e9 ou leur but.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>sensibilit\u00e9 accrue<\/strong> ou <strong>diminu\u00e9e<\/strong> \u00e0 certains <strong>stimuli sensoriels<\/strong> comme la lumi\u00e8re, le son, le toucher ou les textures (entra\u00eenant l&rsquo;\u00e9vitement ou au contraire la recherche de sensations), int\u00e9r\u00eat inhabituel pour les aspects sensoriels de l&rsquo;environnement. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-layout-3 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left is-style-asterisk has-body-font-family has-medium-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Camouflage et troubles associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Certains profils (notamment <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/graafautisme.org\/index.php\/autisme-au-feminin\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/graafautisme.org\/index.php\/autisme-au-feminin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">f\u00e9minins<\/a><\/strong>) se r\u00e9v\u00e8lent moins \u00ab\u00a0bruyants\u00a0\u00bb (difficult\u00e9s sociales moins visibles, communication plus efficace, st\u00e9r\u00e9otypies discr\u00e8tes, int\u00e9r\u00eats conventionnels&#8230;). <br><br>Le \u00ab\u00a0<strong>camouflage<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb d\u00e9signe les <strong>strat\u00e9gies<\/strong> <strong>d&rsquo;adaptation sociale<\/strong> mises en place. <strong>Masquer<\/strong> ses <strong>diff\u00e9rences<\/strong> et <strong>compenser<\/strong> ce qui n&rsquo;est pas naturel par l&rsquo;<strong>imitation<\/strong> et l&rsquo;<strong>apprentissage <\/strong>est co\u00fbteux en ressources et en cons\u00e9quences : <strong>\u00e9puisement<\/strong>, <strong>d\u00e9calage<\/strong> entre son identit\u00e9 propre et son masque social, <strong>absence<\/strong> de rep\u00e9rage\/<strong>diagnostic<\/strong> du TSA, et donc de <strong>soins<\/strong> adapt\u00e9s. <br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le TSA peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9 &#8211; et masqu\u00e9 &#8211; par d&rsquo;autres troubles : <strong>anxi\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong>, <strong>d\u00e9pression<\/strong> et autres troubles <strong>psychiatriques<\/strong>, autres <strong>TND<\/strong> (TDA\/H, TDC, TDI),  troubles du <strong>sommeil<\/strong>, de l&rsquo;<strong>alimentation<\/strong>, pathologies <strong>m\u00e9dicales<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator alignwide has-text-color has-contrast-2-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-contrast-2-background-color has-background\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-custom-gris-fonc-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-268ff54bfa59a292f917e2ea4563892d\"><em>Sources : <\/em><br><em>DSM-V. ; <a href=\"https:\/\/igorthiriez.com\/portfolio\/lautisme-strategies-de-camouflage\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/igorthiriez.com\/portfolio\/lautisme-strategies-de-camouflage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Autisme, strat\u00e9gies de camouflage, Thiriez, I <\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/graafautisme.org\/index.php\/autisme-au-feminin\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/graafautisme.org\/index.php\/autisme-au-feminin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L&rsquo;autisme au f\u00e9minin, Graaf<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator alignwide has-text-color has-base-2-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-base-2-background-color has-background\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-custom-gris-fonc-color has-text-color has-link-color has-system-sans-serif-font-family has-large-font-size wp-elements-aa7ed3e8cc6cfd46f91847cb5943eba5\">Dans la m\u00eame rubrique<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-custom-bleu-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/tnd\/ressources\">Ressources en ligne<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-custom-bleu-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/tnd\/\">Pr\u00e9sentation<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-custom-bleu-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/tnd\/tdah\/\">Signes du TDAH<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce que le TSA ? Ce trouble neurod\u00e9veloppemental, qui d\u00e9bute dans l&rsquo;enfance, se manifeste par des difficult\u00e9s dans la communication et les interactions sociales, ainsi que par une rigidit\u00e9 face au changement, et une atypicit\u00e9 de la sensorialit\u00e9, des comportements et des int\u00e9r\u00eats. Quels peuvent \u00eatre les signes d&rsquo;un TSA ? On distingue deux grandes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":192,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-no-title","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/356"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=356"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1460,"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/356\/revisions\/1460"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/psychologue-tdah-tsa.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}